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SDGEE #033 USB Interface Isolation – FY3224S Sig Gen

I like this review, which is a few years old now. Steve Gardner’s channel for anyone interested in electronics. He reviews the signal generator, takes it apart, highlights some issues and modifies it so that it is safer and more flexible. This is the last of three videos.

This is an embedded video.

 

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Monty Python’s Life of Brian Debate – Part 4

Monty Python’s Life of Brian debate from “Friday Night, Saturday Morning”, 9th November 1979 in four parts.
Hosted by Tim Rice, a discussion was held about the then-new film Monty Python’s Life of Brian. Taking part were two members of the Monty Python team, John Cleese and Michael Palin, and broadcaster Malcolm Muggeridge and the Bishop of Southwark at the time, Mervyn Stockwood. This is an embedded video.

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The Organic Chemistry Tutor – RC Circuits Physics Problems, Time Constant Explained, Capacitor Charging and Discharging

This physics video tutorial explains how to solve RC circuit problems with capacitors and resistors.  It explains how to calculate the time constant using the resistance and capacitance values.  It also shows you how to calculate the time it takes for the capacitor to charge to a certain level and how many time constants that value corresponds to using natural logs.
This tutorial provides the equation / formula of when a capacitor is charging and when it’s discharging with a respect to time and contains plenty of examples and practice problems.
This is an embedded video.
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Monty Python’s Life of Brian Debate – Part 3

Monty Python’s Life of Brian debate from “Friday Night, Saturday Morning”, 9th November 1979 in four parts.
Hosted by Tim Rice, a discussion was held about the then-new film Monty Python’s Life of Brian. Taking part were two members of the Monty Python team, John Cleese and Michael Palin, and broadcaster Malcolm Muggeridge and the Bishop of Southwark at the time, Mervyn Stockwood. This is an embedded video.

Featured

Monty Python’s Life of Brian Debate – Part 2

Monty Python’s Life of Brian debate from “Friday Night, Saturday Morning”, 9th November 1979 in four parts.
Hosted by Tim Rice, a discussion was held about the then-new film Monty Python’s Life of Brian. Taking part were two members of the Monty Python team, John Cleese and Michael Palin, and broadcaster Malcolm Muggeridge and the Bishop of Southwark at the time, Mervyn Stockwood. This is an embedded video.

Featured

Monty Python’s Life of Brian Debate – Part 1

Monty Python’s Life of Brian debate from “Friday Night, Saturday Morning”, 9th November 1979 in four parts.
Hosted by Tim Rice, a discussion was held about the then-new film Monty Python’s Life of Brian. Taking part were two members of the Monty Python team, John Cleese and Michael Palin, and broadcaster Malcolm Muggeridge and the Bishop of Southwark at the time, Mervyn Stockwood. This is an embedded video.

Notebook – Power

Electrical power can be calculated using the formula P = I x V, where P is power in Watts, I is current in Amps and V is voltage in Volts.

If we have a heater which draws 2 A of current on a supply voltage of 240 V, then the power dissipated is 480 W.

The resistance of the heater is R = V/I = 240/2 = 120 Ω.

This can be checked using P = I2R. P = 22 * 120 = 480 W.

Whenever current I flows through a resistance R, it dissipates an amount of power equal to I2R.

The heat produced by power dissipation can be a nuisance, or it can be useful. It is useful in appliances that are designed to produce heat, such as electric toaster, ovens, bulbs and room heaters.

Engineering Notation

Engineering Notation is similar to scientific notation, except that in engineering notation the powers of 10 are always multiples of 3, such as

10-12, 10-9, 10-6, 10-3, 103, 106, 109, 1012

Whereas in scientific notation numbers are always expressed as numbers between 1 and 10, in engineering notation numbers are always expressed between 1 and 1000 times a power of 10, with the power of 10 being a multiple of 3.

 

To express the number 64,000 in engineering notation, it must be written as a number between 1 and 1000 times a power of 10 which is a multiple of 3.

Begin by expressing the number in scientific notation:

64,000 = 6.4 x 104.

Next, examine the power of 10 to see if it should be increased to 106 or decreased to 103.

If the power of 10 is increased to 106, then the decimal point in the number 6.4 would have to be shifted two places to the left.
Because 0.064 is not a number between 1 and 1000, the answer of 0.064 x 106 is not representative of engineering notation.

If the power of 10 were decreased to 103, however, then the decimal point in the number 6.4 would have to be shifted one place to the right and the answer would be 64 x 103, which is representative of engineering notation.

In summary, 64,000 = 6.4 x 104 = 64 x 103 in engineering notation.

 

Electromotive Force and Internal Resistance

To make a current flow in a wire, a force needs to be supplied to make free electrons all flow in the same direction along the wire. This force is know as Electromotive Force, often shortened to e.m.f. and is the electrical action produced by a non-electrical source. For example, batteries and generators are examples of sources of e.m.f.

A battery produces e.m.f because of the chemical action which happens inside it. A generator produces e.m.f. magnetically.

Electromotive Force is not the same as potential difference, but both are measured in volts.

Electromotive Force is measured by connecting a volt meter across the terminals of a battery or generator. Potential difference is measured across one or more components while referencing a part of the circuit.

Scientific Notation

Scientific Notation is a way of expressing a small or large number as a number between 1 and 10, and using the power of 10 notation to place the decimal point correctly.

To use scientific notation:

  • Write the number as a number between 1 and 10
  • If the decimal point is moved to the left in the original number,
    • make the power of 10 positive
  • If the decimal point is moved to the right in the original number,
    • make the power of 10 negative

The power of 10 always equals the number of places the decimal point has been moved to the left or right in the original number.

To express 6800 in scientific notation, write the number as a number between 1 and 10, which is 6.8 in this example, times a power of 10.
To do this, the decimal point must be moved 3 places to the left.
6800
1 680.0
2 68.00
3 6.800
The number of places the decimal point is moved to the left indicates the positive power of 10.

In this example, the decimal point was moved 3 places to the left, so 6800 = 6.8 x 103 in scientific notation.

To express 0.0000047 in scientific notation, write the number as a number between 1 and 10, which is 4.7 in this example, times a power of 10.
To do this, the decimal point must be moved 6 places to the right.
0.0000047
1 00.000047
2 000.0004.7
3 0000.0047
4 00000.047
5 000000.47
6 0000004.7
The number of places the decimal point is moved to the right indicates the negative power of 10.
In this example, the decimal point was moved 6 places to the right, so 0.0000047 = 4.7 x 10-6 in scientific notation.